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已更新: March 11, 2026 at 9:29 AM

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Grammar Updates

2026年3月11日 18:25

Some useful spelling rules – Part I
==========================
🟣 Rule 1

🌼When a weak verb ends in a short vowel + consonant, the final consonant is not doubled to form the past tense, unless the accent falls on the last syllable.
🔹Budget – budgeted (NOT budgetted)
🔹Offer – offered (NOT offerred)
🔹Benefit – benefited (NOT benefitted)

🔎 Notes
Worship is an exception to this rule. Its past tense is formed by doubling the final consonant.
🔹Worship – worshipped (NOT worshiped)

🌼If the accent falls on the last syllable, the consonant is doubled even if the word ends in a short vowel + consonant.
So we have
🔹Occur – occurred (NOT Occured)
🔹Transfer – transferred (NOT transfered)
🔹Begin – beginning (NOT begining)

🌼If the final consonant is ‘l’, it is always doubled.
🔹Travel – travelled
🔹Level – levelled
🔸Parallel is an exception to this rule. Its past tense is paralleled (NOT parallelled). Nowadays traveled is also considered correct.
-------------------------------------
🔵 Rule 2

🌼Short monosyllables always double their final consonant.
🔹Shop – shopping
🔹Let – letting

🌼‘ie’ and ‘ei’
The general rule is ‘i’ before ‘e’ except after ‘c’.
Examples are: siege, believe, friend
But receive, deceive, ceiling etc.

🌼There are several exceptions to this rule.
Reign, neighbor, heir, seize, leisure, weird

🌼Dis and mis
Never double the ‘s’ of these prefixes. When a second ‘s’ occurs it is the first letter of the next syllable.
Examples are: dismiss (not dissmiss), misplace (not missplace)
🔹dissent (dis-sent), misspell (mis-spell)

🌼‘us’ and ‘ous’
Nouns end in ‘us’. Adjectives end in ‘ous‘. So we have:
🔹Census, genius (nouns)
🔸Jealous, tremendous,
🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸
SV RAMANUJ

272

Grammar Updates

2026年3月11日 18:25

Prepositions worksheet
=================
📎 Complete the following sentences using appropriate prepositions.

We started …………………. six ……………….. the morning.
He was born ………………. a small village.
They killed the snake ………………….. hitting it.
That portrait was painted ……………… my grandfather.
You have eaten six mangoes ………………… morning.
The boy has been missing ………………… two days.

They don’t let anybody in ……………… five o’clock.
An old feud existed …………………. the families.
I heard this ……………… a friend ………………. mine.
His illness has taken a turn ……………….. the worse.
I saw him felling the tree ……………… an axe.
………….. Virat and Sachin, there were three other boys in the team.
==================
🟢 Answers 🟢

We started at six in the morning.
He was born in a small village.
They killed the snake by hitting it.
That portrait was painted by my grandfather.
You have eaten six mangoes since morning.
The boy has been missing for two days.

They don’t let anybody in after five o’clock.
An old feud existed between the families.
I heard this from a friend of mine.
His illness has taken a turn for the worse.
I saw him felling the tree with an axe.
Besides Virat and Sachin, there were three other boys in the team.
🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸
SV RAMANUJ

548

Grammar Updates

2026年3月11日 18:25

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578

Grammar Updates

2026年3月11日 18:25

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503

Grammar Updates

2026年3月11日 18:25

Prepositions worksheet
=====================
📎 Fill in the blanks with an appropriate preposition. Each question is followed by four suggested answers. Choose the most appropriate one.

1. I was amazed ………………….. his brilliance.
a) with b) at c) by d) to

2. He is afflicted ………………… a serious illness.
a) to b) by c) of d) with

3. Alcohol does not agree ……………… me.
a) upon b) to c) with d) none of these

4. You must apologize ………………. him for your rude behaviour.
a) with b) to c) at d) for

5. Is it possible to achieve just about everything one aims ……………….?
a) at b) to c) with d) of

6. She often boasts ………………. her aristocratic upbringing.
a) about b) of c) at d) with

7. Don’t brood …………………. your mistakes and failures.
a) with b) at c) by d) over

8. We decided to call ……………… the principal.
a) at b) on c) for d) with

9. He has been charged ………………… the murder of his neighbor.
a) out b) with c) by d) from

10. During the cold war era, the US and the USSR were competing …………………. each other for world domination.
a) at b) with c) of d) to
====================
🟢 Answers 🟢

1. I was amazed at his brilliance.
2. He is afflicted with a serious illness.
3. Alcohol does not agree with me.
4. You must apologize to him for your rude behavior.
5. Is it possible to achieve just about anything one aims for?
6. She often boasts of her aristocratic upbringing.

7. Don’t brood over your mistakes and failures.
8. We decided to call on the principal.
9. He has been charged with the murder of his neighbor.
10. During the cold war era, the US and the USSR were competing with each other for world domination.
🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸
SV RAMANUJ

555

Grammar Updates

2026年3月11日 18:25

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428

Grammar Updates

2026年3月11日 18:25

Preposition collocations with nouns and verbs
=====================
*️⃣Prepositions cause a great deal of confusion. Most ESL students find it difficult to use them correctly.

*️⃣One way of learning the correct use of prepositions is to look at several examples illustrating usage. In English, there are a large number of collocations. These are words which are often used together with other words.

🔎 Examples of collocation are given below.

🌸Comment
🔸The word comment takes the preposition ‘on’.
🔹He commented on her lovely hair. (NOT He commented about her lovely hair.)

🌸Reason
🔸The word reason collocates with the preposition for.
🔹What is the reason for her unhappiness? (NOT What is the reason of her unhappiness?)

🌸Discuss
🔸The verb discuss does not take a preposition.
🔹Let us discuss your problem. (NOT Let us discuss about your problem.)

🌸Consider
🔸The verb consider does not take any preposition.
🔹You should consider every aspect of the situation. (NOT You should consider about every aspect of the situation.)

🌸 Participate
🔸Incorrect: They were asked to participate the group discussion.
🔹Correct: They were asked to participate in the group discussion.
◾️The word participate collocates with the preposition ‘in’.

🌸Adapt
🔸Incorrect: One must be able to adapt changing circumstances.
🔹Correct: One must be able to adapt to changing circumstances.
◾️The verb adapt takes the preposition ‘to’.

🌸Dissatisfaction
🔸Incorrect: These protests show their dissatisfaction of the new rules.
🔹Correct: These protests show their dissatisfaction with the new rules.
◾️Dissatisfaction takes the preposition ‘over’.
🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸
SV RAMANUJ

510

Grammar Updates

2026年3月11日 18:25

Prepositions Exercise
=======================
Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.

1. Who is this present ………….?
to
for
of

2. I am really angry ……………. you.
at
to
with

3. …………… all this work to do, I won’t have time to take a holiday.
With
For
Despite

4. He was talking ……………. such a low voice that I could not hear anything.
with
in
at

5. If we go …………… car, we will reach there before sunset.
on
with
by

6. The actress has always been very nice ……………. her fans.
at
with
to

7. …………….friends like you, who needs enemies?
With
Without
For
Despite

8. What kind of movies are you interested …………..?
at
in
on
for

9. The cottage is pleasant to live …………….
at
in
on

10. Which flight is she travelling ……………?
with
in
on

11. You are the only woman I have ever been in love…………………
for
in
with

12. That is what I am afraid ……………..
to
for
of
=================
🟢 Answers 🟢
1. Who is this present for?
2. I am really angry with you.
3. With all this work to do, I won’t have time to take a holiday.
4. He was talking in such a low voice that I could not hear anything.
5. If we go by car, we will reach there before sunset.
6. The actress has always been very nice to her fans.

7. With friends like you, who needs enemies?
8. What kind of movies are you interested in?
9. The cottage is pleasant to live in.
10. Which flight is she travelling on?
11. You are the only woman I have ever been in love with.
12. That is what I am afraid of.
🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸
SV RAMANUJ

5,040

Grammar Updates

2026年3月11日 18:25

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412

Grammar Updates

2026年3月11日 18:25

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411

Grammar Updates

2026年3月10日 12:22

Prepositions in collocations
====================
🌼Invest with / invest in
🔸To invest someone with something is to give them a particular quality.
🔹These animals have been invested with an ability to survive in extreme climates.

🔸To invest someone with something is to give them power, authority or influence.
🔹The Black Cats are invested with the authority to protect the minister.

🌼Invest in
🔸To invest in something is to buy it or to spend money on something that will be profitable or useful in the long time.
🔹He plans to invest in real estate.
🔹I think I should invest in a new laptop.
🔹The government should invest in education.

🌼Authority on
🔸If you are considered an authority on something, you are an expert in that subject.
🔹He is an authority on classical music.
🔹This book is acknowledged to be the authority on idiomatic expressions.

🌼Authority over
🔹Parents have legal authority over their children. (= Parents have a legal right to make decisions that affect their children.)

🌼Proceed with / to
🔸To proceed with something is to continue something.
🔹The local council plans to proceed with its decision to demolish the old fort.

🔸To proceed to is to move in a particular direction.
🔹Passengers for flight 303 should proceed to Gate 32.

🔸To proceed to is to move to the next stage in a series of events.
🔹The Italian team will proceed to the semifinals.

🌼Impressed with / by
🔸Impress can be used with by and with. There is little or no difference of meaning.
🔹I was impressed with / by her knowledge.

🌼Genius for
🔸If you have a genius for something, you have a natural talent for doing it.
🔹She has a genius for choosing the right words.
🔹Napoleon had a genius for military tactics.
🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸
SV RAMANUJ

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